Annotation № 5 (85) 2020
SOCIUM
Young E. Rhee. Being and Relation in the Posthuman Age // Социум и власть. 2020. № 5 (85). C. 7—12. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-07-12.
Annotation
What will be the posthuman society? As usual, there are two prospects: the pessimistic view and the optimistic view. According to pessimistic view, as technologies advance emerge new beings called as transhuman with enhanced intelligence and physical power, and extremely long lifespan and they will dominate humans. On the other hand, according to optimistic view, technology will benefit humans, so humans evolve via transhuman to posthuman with smart machines. There are complex issues tangled together in the dispute between the rival views, especially such as the natural vs. artificial beings, human dignity and equality, and meaning of life. The aim of this article is to examine being and relation in posthuman age in the point of Nietzsche’s philosophy. I examine transhuman as a typical being of posthuman age and ressentiment as its relation respectively. Nietzsche has influenced the rise of transhumanism and posthumanism, as can be seen from direct or indirect confessions from pioneers of them, though there are debates about whether the influence is real or superficial. By paying particular attention to Nietzsche’s idea of Master and Slave, ressentiment, and Overman (Übermensch), I contend that (a) in the posthuman age new classes will emerge, which correspond to Master and Slave, (b) there will be a new ressentiment of Slaves toward their Masters, and (c) Overman as a creator of new value will be required in order to solve the problem by ressentiment.
Key concepts:
humanism,
transhumanism,
posthumanism,
ressentment,
- Nietzsche
Young E. Rhee. Being and Relation in the Posthuman Age // Sotsium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). C. 13—19. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-13-19.
Annotation
What will be the posthuman society? As usual, there are two prospects: the pessimistic view and the optimistic view. According to pessimistic view, as technologies advance emerge new beings called as transhuman with enhanced intelligence and physical power, and extremely long lifespan and they will dominate humans. On the other hand, according to optimistic view, technology will benefit humans, so humans evolve via transhuman to posthuman with smart machines. There are complex issues tangled together in the dispute between the rival views, especially such as the natural vs. artificial beings, human dignity and equality, and meaning of life. The aim of this article is to examine being and relation in posthuman age in the point of Nietzsche’s philosophy. I examine transhuman as a typical being of posthuman age and ressentiment as its relation respectively. Nietzsche has influenced the rise of transhumanism and posthumanism, as can be seen from direct or indirect confessions from pioneers of them, though there are debates about whether the influence is real or superficial. By paying particular attention to Nietzsche’s idea of Master and Slave, ressentiment, and Overman (Übermensch), I contend that (a) in the posthuman age new classes will emerge, which correspond to Master and Slave, (b) there will be a new ressentiment of Slaves toward their Masters, and (c) Overman as a creator of new value will be required in order to solve the problem by ressentiment.
Key concepts:
humanism,
transhumanism,
posthumanism,
ressentment,
- Nietzsche
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: СТАТЬЯ ОПУБЛИКОВАНА НА РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Pogorelskaya E.Yu. Human nature in the era of the technical revolution // Socium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 20—31. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-20-31.
Abstract
Introduction. The article analyzes the paradox of modern philosophy and worldview, in which the stated “death of God”, “death of man”, “of author”, “of nature” does not cancel their obvious existence, but in other modes. Topos and functions of classical concepts that define human nature are replaced by objects of information technology activity. The author believes that the technical phenomenon penetrates into modern living processes and partly replaces them. The idea of death and crisis of the transcendental, divine, human and natural is accompanied by their replacement by technical processes, their specific “revival”. In this regard, human nature itself undergoes certain semantic and material transformations due to necessity. The work describes and analyzes these transformations. The purpose of the work is a specific analysis of human nature in modern scientific and technical doctrine. The author proves that the loss of his ontological status by a person, the reduction of a person to the level of things or biological principles lead to strengthening the foundations of biopower, biopolitics and other forms and methods of influencing a person against his free will in the world.
Methods. The author uses critical analysis of philosophical theses and ideological statements. The work uses hermeneutic, phenomenological humanitarian techniques and procedures, as well as the method of comparative analysis and historical reconstruction of scientific facts.
Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the work consists in an attempt to turn the science about man to its foundations, namely, to the foundation of a free, choosing and born in a natural context personality. The novelty of scientific achievements, progressive technologies, technical inventions and new social dispositions does not negate the question of the human nature essence, which is still new and relevant at the present time.
Key concepts:
human nature,
transhumanists,
“shaggy objects”,
actor-network analysis,
eugenics,
“precautionary principle”,
technical
ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT
Gordeev S.S. Limitations and transformations in the social space of coronacrisis: assessments of regions during the COVID-19 pandemic // Socium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 32—50. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-32-50.
Abstract
The realities of the coronavirus crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in many cases, become decisive for adjusting the prospects for socio-economic development. The article presents the main results of studying the social aspect of the pandemic in the context of social heterogeneity and specific regional differences. The main points of the study are focused on analyzing the dynamics of the pandemic spreading in Russia’s regions, the specifics and effectiveness of social restrictions, and the transformation of social space.
The analysis of the pandemic dynamics was carried out taking into account the information from four large industrial regions in the center of Russia and the Urals. As part of the analysis, a number of problematic issues of the social constraints effectiveness are considered, among which there are the following ones: specificity of the pandemic dynamics by regions in the context of various options for self-isolation, factors of «Path Dependence» of the social space, the consequences of redundant restrictions, social «fatigue» and «erosion» of requirements for isolation. From the viewpoint of updating the transformation priorities - spatial transformations during a pandemic, the following aspects are considered: background for moving from isolation restrictions to spatial transformations, regional employment specificity, socio-economic priorities of spatial transformation, problem-oriented zoning of a heterogeneous socio-economic space. The study is aimed at developing an adequate authorities’ and society’s response to the problems of coronacrisis, forming a regionally adapted set of measures and strategies of socio-economic transformations during the pandemic, creating a basis for solving interdisciplinary issues in the subsequent situation of «normality 2020».
Key concepts:
social space,
region,
crisis,
dynamics,
pandemic Covid-19,
analysis,
visualization
Animitsa E.G., Rakhmeeva I.I. Econometric factor analysis of regional development of the Ural macro region in the era of the fourth industrial revolution // Socium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 51—64. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-51-64.
Abstract
Introduction. The fourth industrial revolution significantly changes the structure of economic relations and transforms the importance of factors in the development of territories. The purpose of the article is to identify the most significant factors in the regional development of the Ural macro region in the context of the fourth industrial revolution and to determine the directions of impacts to ensure the competitiveness and long-term growth of territories.
Methods. The methodological basis of the study is based on a set of scientific approaches to economic growth, concepts of regional and institutional economics. Research methods include regional, comparative and econometric factor analysis.
Scientific novelty of the study. A method for identifying the significance of factors in the development of regions is proposed and the key factors for developing the subjects of the Ural macro region in the context of the fourth industrial revolution are established. The study contributes to the scientific debate on the meaning and management of institutional development factors.
Results. The author presents the results of diagnosing the regulatory environment and geographic factors of the subjects of the Ural macro region. An econometric analysis of their impact on economic development has been carried out. The statistical significance for developing the volume of mining and the quality of the legal environment in the regions has been established. Informal institutions (the authors explain the phenomenon by weak differentiation of cultural characteristics and business practices of regions due to their historical connectivity) and transport and geographical location (due to a decrease in spatial influence and an increase in the role of digital technologies in production chains in Industry 4.0).
Conclusions. In the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions, it was possible to ensure higher values of GRP per capita due to a favorable regulatory environment. In general, in the Russian regions in the second decade of the 21st century, the raw material orientation remains (among the studied objects, the economies of the Orenburg region and Udmurtia are the most extractive). To ensure the country’s long-term development, it is necessary to create a favorable business climate: improving the legal environment in the areas outlined in the study, increasing the level of trust and reducing the level of corruption.
Key concepts:
development factors,
geographic factors,
institutional factors,
regulatory environment,
regional development,
fourth industrial revolution,
old industrial region
Melnikova T.B., Shevchuk I.A. Tourism in a region: new development opportunities // Socium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 65—77. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-65-77.
Abstract
Introduction. Modern times are characterized by independence from financial support for travel due to introducing an ordinary region with its daily surrounding into tourist circulation, focusing not on distance, but on the depth of emotions when choosing a place to visit. The aim of the study is to assess the factors of transforming the tourist environment in a region, which might result in a number of challenges for managing the regional development.
Methods. In the framework of the study, both general logical methods and empirical methods are used. In particular, the analysis of approaches to managing a tourist region in the post-tourism era, as well as new tourist practices are based on classification and periodization. When choosing the factors of the tourist region new format, the case method and comparison were applied.
The scientific novelty of the study. The authors substantiate that the new era will be determined by changes in the labor–leisure ratio, new tourist practices and new tourist region format. The new tourist region format involves a transition to understanding the tourist as a temporary resident of the region and actualizes the need for coexistence.
Results. The state of post-tourism for such a region may be due to the emergence of new residentsowners of second homes and business migrants, as well as the social effect of deliberate tourism practices. The competition of such regions is based on intangible resources. The factors of transforming the tourist environment made it possible to give a new look at assessing the effectiveness of an event for the territory. The authors propose threshold values that will allow making decisions on the co-financing of the event from the regional or local budget.
Conclusions. Hybridization of tourism and leisure does not provide a complete answer about a possible reduction in work hours, however, indicates a short-term leisure mobility of individuals. New tourism practices are based on awareness and desire to increase self-efficacy. Such transformations open up new opportunities for the territory development.
Key concepts:
tourist region,
post-tourism,
self-efficacy,
volunteer tourism,
slow tourism,
local community,
management,
awareness
CULTURE
Novikova O.N. Gamification of human being in the context of digital culture // Socium i vlast‘. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 78—85. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-78-85.
Abstract
Introduction and purpose of the study. The article is focused analyzing the phenomenon of gamification of human being in the context of current changes in digital culture. The author reveals anthropological consequences of this phenomenon.
Methods. Methods of scientific research, making it possible to identify and characterize anthropological consequences of digitalization of human being and culture, are philosophical, anthropological and cultural analyses.
Scientific novelty of the research. The author describes the virtual form of gamification of human being, presented in digital self-presentation. The author justifies the emergence of a new type of man, Homo mobiludens, for whom virtual reality becomes a simplified form of being, and technical and technological capabilities create the effect of being there. The expanded possibilities of human existence gamification in education and service sector with the beginning of the global Covid-19 pandemic are shown.
Conclusions. The gamification of being, combining together managerial, socio-cultural, technological and marketing innovations, streamlines human life risks in a new digital culture.
Key concepts:
gamification,
digital culture,
information technology,
identity
Ilyushenko N.S. Philosophy for children: an effective tool for developing independent thinking // Socium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 86—94. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-86-94.
Abstract
The content of the article is in the thematic field of practical philosophy, designated as “philosophy for children”. Within the framework of the article, the author considers specificity of the philosophical language. The main linguistic means are explicated and described, making it possible to expand the usual descriptions of the world, to achieve expression of non-trivial philosophical intuitions, to outline new directions of philosophical search. Particular attention is paid to such techniques as using metaphors, tautologies and a vicious circle in the definition in philosophical texts, as well as a step-by-step, gradual refinement of thought by introducing “operational concepts”. In conclusion, the author gives examples of tasks aimed at acquiring the language of philosophy by school-aged children (10–13 years old) as part of the program of additional education for children and adolescents “Green Sun” (team of authors: N. Ilyushenko, N. Kutuzova, D. Kutuzov, O. Davydik).
Key concepts:
dialogue,
metaphor,
operational concepts,
tautology,
philosophy for children,
language of philosophy
A NEW VIEW ON "ETERNAL" ISSUES
Chuprov A.S. Culture and civilization: the identity of opposites // Socium i vlast’. 2020. № 5 (85). P. 95—104. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2020-5-95-104.
Abstract
The article is focused on the fundamental and at the same time extremely controversial issue of social philosophy — conceptualizing the notions «civilization” and “culture”, their inseparable (dialectical) unity and contradiction. The specificity, or novelty, of the author’s approach is considering the phenomena of civilization and culture in the ontological aspect through the Aristotelian concept of form as the ideal essence of things, as well as in applying methods of linguistic analysis (etymology of concepts). The result of the study is identifying attributive, ontologically invariant features of any culture and civilization, as well as the ontological correlation of cultural and civilizational attributes.
Key concepts:
attribute,
being,
vandalism,
culture,
existence,
civilization,
form
