Abstract № 2 (92) 2022

 

 

SOCIUM

 

Maltsev Ya. V. Mechanisms of socio-cultural dynamics in the concept of permanent modernity // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 7—18. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-07-18. EDN: DKVNVD.

Abstract

Introduction. The phenomenon of multitude is actively comprehended in the world and domestic philosophical, sociological and political science in order to obtain new knowledge about social processes. The concept originating from mathematics, which became a permanent feature of philosophy thanks to the works of A. Negri, M. Hardt, A. Badiou, J. Rancière, Ch. Mouffe, J. Butler and, of course, is closely related to the work of J. Deleuze and F. Guattari, still needs reflecting and popularizing, and can also be used in constructing complex philosophical concepts.

The purpose of the article is to show the phenomenon of multitude which is an integral part of the permanent modernity theory as a tectonic force of socio-cultural variability, “operating” thanks to dialogue and the subject. Methods. The methodology of the article is based on phenomenology, hermeneutics, the principle of complexity; its theoretical basis is the concept of modernity as A.V. Pavlov’s I-subjectivity and the concept of permanent modernity.

Scientific novelty of the research. The article reveals the political aspect of the permanent modernity concept associated with cultural and civilizational dynamics. The author gives a new interpretation of such concepts as "modern", "postmodern", "civilization", "culture"; proposes to take a fresh look at the hierarchy of these terms.

Results and conclusions. As a result, the author concludes that the multitude is a set of agents grouped around the subject-idea and realizing the utopia of the subject in the political area through multifaceted interactions, due to which cultural dynamics occurs.

Keywords:

subjectivity,

politics,

modern,

postmodern,

dialogue,

construction,

modernity

 

Oleinik V. A. Aristotle’s metaphysical concept of place and time in the light of Gilles Deleuze’s simulacrum idea // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 19—28. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-19-28. EDN: CRKWFZ.

Abstract

Introduction. The author analyzes the problem of time in Aristotle's metaphysical ontology through the prism of G. Deleuze’s simulacrum concept.

The purpose of this paper is to search for new interpretive possibilities for building a modern philosophical time theory.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study is (G. Deleuze’s simulacrum idea) the basic principles of simulacrum building, which are applied to Aristotle's theory of time.

Scientific novelty of the study. The study focuses on the relationship of time and difference, difference and meaning. The author substantiates the thesis about the simulative nature of time in Aristotle's ontological system. On the basis of the relationship, the author proposes and reveals the idea of synchrony, which could combine these two phenomena into a single system of relations, without reducing one to the other and without falling into a vicious circle.

Results. On the basis of the analysis, it was revealed that time in Aristotle's concept has the features of a simulacrum. The analysis makes it possible to define synchrony as a temporal concept.

Conclusions. The proposed method makes it possible to carry out similar types of analysis in other metaphysical systems in order to determine the possibility of identifying a concept.

Keywords:

conceptual difference,

non-conceptual difference,

simulative,

synchrony

 

 

 

Davydov I.A. The phenomenon of digital deanthropologization in the concepts of new materialists // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 29—40. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-29-40. EDN: BGMBFP.

Abstract

Introduction. The challenges of the posthumanistic phase transition lead to a critical response from representatives of the anthropological trend in philosophy. Going into the sphere of determinism of digital discourse overcomes a person in all his previous discourses, since what was constantly perceived as ontic and ontological in being loses its meaning and value in the coordinates of digital relations. It is important to define the term "digital", which in the study is represented in numbers and following the logic of an algorithm that eliminates anthropological reality, understood as the subjectivity of human existence.

The purpose of the paper is to represent the concepts of the new materialists, who propose to overcome the man not only in his spiritual, but also in bodily dimensions in comparison with the complexity paradigm and the concept of M. Heidegger.

Methods. The author uses methods of analyzing philosophical concepts of the new materialists, M. Heidegger and representatives of complexity theory.

Scientific novelty of the research lies in discoverying the connection between M. Heidegger's concept of quaternary and the concepts of complexity theory, including the new materialists’ theories. The transition of the ontological model of Heidegger's concept into the ontic construct of the latest materialistic thought is traced. The author reveals the difference between authentic and non-authentic modes of virtuality.

Results. According to D. Haraway, an alternative is a form of interspecific mixing, in which the monstrous, which was previously a marker of the boundaries of the human, breaks into the anthropological topic, reshaping it according to the digital patterns of the posthuman world. This inversion of the Heideggerian world project of quaternary makes it possible to eliminate the ontological plane of being, solving the problem of man’s exclusivity in the direction of its elimination from the discourse of modern philosophy.

Conclusions. Comparison of the approaches of M. Heidegger, accelerationists and Russian philosophy provides an opportunity to clarify important aspects of digital deanthropologization.

Keywords:

Chtulucene,

object-oriented ontologies,

monstrous,

numinous,

digital-biological integration

 

 

 

Power

 

 

Musaelyan L.A., Zyryanov S.G. Global challenges of Russia and some problems of the domestic higher education system // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 40—52. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-40-52. EDN: DHSWTY.

Abstract

Introduction. Russia is currently facing a number of global challenges and threats comparable only to those it faced before the Great Patriotic War. The education system of any country is an indicator of the intellectual capabilities on which its future depends. The article analyzes the state of modern Russian education that has emerged after a number of reforms, its ability to provide adequate responses to modern challenges and threats.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current global challenges and threats to Russia, to consider the features of the existing education system in the country, to show its capabilities to ensure a scientific and technological breakthrough, to effectively block existential threats.

Methods. Materialistic (the principle of objectivity), dialectical (the principle of development and universal connection), systemic.

Scientific novelty. The authors specify the essence of the turning point in the modern history of mankind, carry out an objective analysis of the state of Russian education, the nature and consequences of the reforms, its possibilities of blocking existing challenges and threats is given.

Results. The authors show that at the present stage of Russian history, the role of youth in determining the fate of the country is significantly increasing. The key to the ability of young people to fulfill this historic mission is the education system. It allows us to preserve historical traditions, national identity, and it is a factor of scientific and technological breakthroughs of society. It is revealed that the reforms in the education system were not focused on preserving historical traditions and the national code of the country. Borrowed educational technologies have led to a significant decrease in the quality of Russian education. As a result of the reforms carried out, the country has lost significant development potential.

Conclusions. The reforms in the education system, as they were carried out, turned out to be counterproductive and did not meet the national interests of the country. Currently, in the conditions of existential threats for Russia, there is an urgent need to change the ideology and technology of managing the education system; it is necessary to leave the Bologna system and return to the elements of classical European and national education that have proven their effectiveness. If a country needs a scientific and technological breakthrough, the financing of its education and science cannot be less than those countries that Russia intends to catch up with. To do this, it is necessary to radically change both the volumes and the mechanisms of financing education and science. It is necessary to revise article 13, paragraph 2 of Russia’s Constitution. The state ideology concentrates on expressing the national interests of the country and ultimately determines the goals and objectives of the existing system of education and upbringing. The absence of a state ideology contributes to the desovereignization and desubjectivization of Russian society.

Keywords:

global challenges and threats to Russia,

education system,

national interests of the country,

"unrecognized model of education",

scientific and technological breakthrough

 

 

Zaiko Ya.V., Zorin V.A., Lukanina E.V. School as an agent of political socialization in Russia: problems and prospects of development // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 53—63. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-53-63. EDN: FLURFC.

Abstract

Introduction. The authors analyze some features of Russian students’ political socializing at the present stage.

The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends that characterize the role of the school as an agent (active subject) of political socialization.

Methods. The empirical basis of the study is the results of the survey in which 554 students and 151 teachers of history and social studies in Chelyabinsk schools took part, the authors used qualitative (projective tests, in-depth interviews) and quantitative (survey) methods.

Scientific novelty. The specific feature of the authors’ approach to the problem under study is to perceive the school as an agent of political socialization, which is able to carry out the targeted steps of including children into the political sphere of the society within the educational process at several levels.

Results. The data show that the socializing impact at the school level is relatively ineffective. The analysis revealed the problems that teachers have to face when conducting training activities related to delivering knowledge about politics: 1) students’ lack of interest; 2) comparatively low level of teachers’ special competence; 3) lack of necessary free time, etc. At the same time, students showed a fairly high level of behavioral activity and cognitive complexity in assessing power institutions. The unconscious component of students’ political ideas is characterized by the absence of formed values and the heterogeneity of power images.

Conclusions. The school as an agent of political socialization is losing its role as the leading agent of socializing when forming political values and students’ ideas about politics in modern conditions. The main reason for this is the dominant role of social networks and the. Students tend to get information about politics from external sources, so they are less likely to resort to discussing current political issues with teachers. This process leads to the need to develop new conceptual approaches to forming state policy in the field of general education.

Keywords:

political socialization,

agents of political socialization,

school students,

history and social studies teachers,

political activity,

school,

political psychology

 

 

ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT

 

 

Artemova O.V., Logacheva N.M., Savchenko A.N. The population’s life quality during the pandemic: analysis of the current situation (as exemplified by the Chelyabinsk region) // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 62—74. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-62-74. EDN: AWAVXI.

Abstract

Introduction. The article analyzes the current socio-economic situation in the region (Chelyabinsk region), which is characterized by negative changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the coronavirus crisis not only highlighted the existing problems and weaknesses of the socio-economic situation, but also exacerbated the basic accumulated problems in the region. The peak load on the economic, demographic, and social spheres (especially healthcare) in the Chelyabinsk region and other regions of the Russian Federation occurred in 2020. The measures taken by the state to support the population and businesses made it possible to stabilize the situation and avoid significant post-COVID losses. However, the spread of the pandemic continues, and external challenges for the country and regions are intensifying. In this regard, it is important to understand the essence of the ongoing socio-economic processes in the country and regions, to analyze and systematize the disparate and multidirectional factors that determine the new reality.

In this regard, the authors formed problem groups, within which they considered the spheres of life, where the challenges and threats in connection with the pandemic have increased significantly. These included: a group designated as «Economics»; group «Demography», group «Standard of life». The increase in threats and danger in these areas due to the spread of COVID-19 has most affected the well-being of people, the deterioration in the quality of life, and the reduction in its duration.

To study the problems noted, the authors set a goal: based on analyzing the current socio-economic situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, to identify threats to decreasing the population’s quality of life during the pandemic and propose measures to overcome the negative post-COVID consequences for the region’s residents.

Methods. The information base was the statistical data of Federal State Statistics Service, information from the report of the Governor of the Chelyabinsk Region for 2020. The authors use the following methods: content analysis of scientific sources, grouping of risk factors during the pandemic, analysis of statistical indicators and data obtained from the results of monitoring the region.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of an original algorithm for express analysis of the current socio-economic situation in the region during the pandemic for prompt response and relief by the authorities of the threats associated with the spread of the pandemic. It (algorithm) includes the selection of the most vulnerable areas in terms of living conditions and well-being of people; grouping risk factors in these areas and determining their impact on the level and quality of life; analysis of indicators (planned and actual) for 2019-2020 in relation to the groups «Economics»; «Demography», «Social sphere» to determine the impact of adverse factors and to identify the strengthening of the pandemic impact on the population’s quality of life in the region.

Results and conclusions. The authors carried out the content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature on the research topic, specified the conceptual tools of the study, proposed grouping the main problems in the region’s socio-economic space, which have aggravated during the pandemic. In accordance with the grouping, an analysis of the current situation in terms of the economic state of the regional economy, the demographic situation and the level of well-being of the population of the region was carried out. The authors proposed measures to overcome the negative post-COVID consequences in the Chelyabinsk region. The analysis shows that the current socio-economic situation in the region continues to be difficult. Basic problems that were not solved at the previous stage of development are intensified in connection with the pandemic crisis. In crisis conditions, it is necessary to concentrate the efforts of the authorities, business, and the population on reducing risks and maintaining an appropriate level and the population’s quality of life in the region.

Keywords:

the population’s life quality,

standards of living,

region,

pandemic,

regional economy,

demographic situation,

external challenges

 

 

 

CULTURE

 

 

Zozulya O. Yu., Klebanov I.I. Artistic creativity as a tool for achieving human integrity // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 75—82. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-75-82. EDN: BYUQTG.

Abstract

Introduction. One of the most important existential problems of a person is the problem of gaining inner integrity. The main "tool" for solving this problem has always been religious and (more widely) spiritual practices, which have become difficult for representatives of European culture due to the destruction of traditional society. At the beginning of the 20th century, non-classical works of art appeared as one of the alternatives to spiritual practice, helping their creator to solve the problem of "self-construction". This article discusses such works in various fields of art from the point of view of applied philosophy.

The purpose of the paper is to show the role of an art work as a tool for self-knowledge and "self-construction of the author" using the examples from different areas of art.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of discreteness of existential time by Descartes, the concept of life as an effort in time (Mamardashvili, Proust), the concept of "out of nature" of the human phenomenon (Mamardashvili).

 Scientific novelty of the research. The universality of the "self-construction" technique is shown by creating a work of art of a non-classical type. The role of the space of color forms as a tool of nature-like "self-construction" of a person is established. The authors set the task to apply the considered technique when working with students of creative specialties in practice.

Results. 1. It is shown that a work of art as a tool for gaining the inner integrity of the author is possible not only in the field of literature ("stream of consciousness"), but also in cinema, music and painting. 2. It is shown that a work of art can be not only a tool of "self-construction", but also a tool of self-destruction 3. It is shown that the space of living color forms can be an instrument of nature-like "self-construction".

Соnclusion. Artistic creativity in any field of art can be not only a form of the author’s self-expression, but also an effective tool to achieve the integrity of the inner world of the author and the reader (viewer), working with a  piece of art as a record of the "work of consciousness".

Keywords:

self-knowledge,

picking yourself up,

integrity,

stream of consciousness,

color form

 

 

Bogdanova V.O. Plurality of interpretations as a way of self-knowledge // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 83—95. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-83-95. EDN: GAEZGE.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of multiple interpretations of a literary text, which creates for the reader a space of a dialogue with the author. The article analyzes the students' interpretations of A.E. Shcherbina's poem "Letter to a Fish", the author considers as the "self" of the interpreter is revealed through working with the text. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the multiplicity of interpretations conveys the richness of a literary text, its relevance, acquired in the readers’ life experience.

Keywords:

hermeneutics,

interpretation,

conflict of interpretations

the principle of multiple interpretations,

reflection,

self-knowledge

 

 

 

DISCUSSIONS AND DEBATES

 

 

Orekhov A.M. Russian social epistemology: from “Ldsh-strategy” to “Ldsh-dependency” // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 96—106. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-96-106. EDN: CYBKDD.

Abstract

Introduction and purpose: The paper is devoted to social and philosophical aspects of evolution of Russian social in connection with advancement of Fuller’s ideas, and also analytical aspects of Fuller’s contribution into the global social science.

Methods. The author of the paper applies theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, etc.), acting in contemporary philosophy and sociology of social sciences. The author also uses the method of social observation.

Scientific novelty of the research. The key idea of the paper is to analyze the phenomenon of “Fuller-dependency” in contemporary Russian social epistemology as a type of “Ldsh-dependency”. “Ldsh-strategy” is a strategy of entering the world science following some scientific leader as an authoritative scientist. “Ldsh-dependency” is an absolute or nearly absolute dependency of our Russian sphere of knowledge from some concrete leader or an authoritative scientist who favors our entry to the world science.

Results. «KSE-group» (I.T.Kasavin’s group) successfully and effectively uses “Ldsh-strategy” on the first stage of its entering the world science. But further the strategy begins to regenerate into “Ldsh-dependency” i.e. “Fuller-dependency”. Such dependency does not contribute to constructing original and innovative Russian social-epistemological program, competitive to the programs of S.Fuller, D.Bloor and A.Goldman. It is necessary to learn to overcome and solve problematic issues in limits of “KHM-style” since only this style can form “break-through vectors” in the research area of Russian social epistemology.

Keywords:

social epistemology

I.N.Kasavin

S.Fuller

“Anarchic monographity”

Ldsh-strategy

Ldsh-dependency

“Fuller-dependency”

«KSE-group»

“KHM-style”

 

 

 

 

SCIENTIFIC LIFE

 

 

International Round Table “Art, Science and Education: topical Issues of the modern age and prospects for development” (Russia, Chelyabinsk, April 7, 2022) // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 107—135. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-107-135. EDN: DDFYSS.

Abstract

The round table is held on the basis of the topic-based platform of Tchaikovsky South Ural State Institute of Arts within the framework of the International Scientific Cultural and Educational Forum "Eurasia - 2022: social and humanitarian space in the era of globalization and digitalization" (April 6-8, Chelyabinsk, 2022). The structure of the meeting is represented by several semantic blocks in the form of searching for answers to topical issues of our time related to the current state and prospects for developing art, science, education in the context of the fruitful development of man, society, and the state on the basis of dialogical relations between them. Art, science, and education are considered not as separate social institutions and cultural phenomena, but in interaction with all spheres of public life: economic, political, social, and spiritual.

Keywords:

education,

science,

art,

creativity,

values,

globalization,

digitalization

 

 

International Declaration on Cooperation, Peace and Philosophy (translated by S.V. Borisov) // Socium i vlast’. 2022. 2 (92). P. 136—147. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-2-136-147. EDN: CAHAHD.

Abstract

The "International Declaration on Cooperation, Peace and Philosophy" is a unique document prepared by philosophers from different countries, expressing their understanding and suggesting ways to solve urgent problems of the current crisis situation. The text of the Declaration is published for the first time in English and Russian.

Keywords:

philosophical practice,

dialogue,

health,

presence,

gender,

ethics,

care,

pluralism,

society,

citizenship,

ecology,

economics,

technology,

education,

peacefulness