Abstract № 1 (91) 2022

 

 

 

 

SOCIUM

 

 

Zhilina V.A., Krepisov K.M. The problem of ontologizing the normative being in the religious context of a person // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 07—14. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-07-14.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of social existence normativity. In the comparative analysis of the philosophy of law, humanities and social studies, the foundations of the ontological rootedness of the norm in human existence have been evidently found. The hypothesis of the study is that the norm is not a special way of regulating behavior, but is the main form of human existence. The ontological nature of the norm outside the semantic aspect of its individual manifestations is revealed. For this purpose, the basis of the analysis is determined by the Decalogue, where for the first time an attempt was made to consolidate the “pure” norm. It is shown that the norm is born in the dialectic of prohibition and obligation in the reflexive processes of actions of a social subject. An attempt is made to comprehensively analyze the normativity of social existence.

Keywords:

norm,

subject,

ontology,

prohibition,

duty,

religion

 

 

Solomko D.V. Ecohumanistics as a kind of scientific knowledge and methodology for understanding the specifics of the relationship “human — technical and-technological world” // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 15—25. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-15-25.

Abstract

Introduction. A human and the world are an organically connected part and whole, they are always a single World, and therefore they can only evolve together, in one direction. The human world consists of many interconnected and interdependent parts. If any one of the parts (for example, technology) begins to dominate and claim the status of the whole, then the problem of violating the optimal ratio in the coexistence and co-evolutionary development of each of the parts, and hence the whole itself, becomes aggravated. Hence, the eco-humanistic problem arises. The purpose of the work is to present the content and substantiate the theoretical and practical significance of eco-humanism as a new humanitarian knowledge and methodology for understanding the specifics of the relationship “man — technical and-technological world”.

Methods. The author uses the methods of dialectics, systemic and synergetic approaches, the project (projective) method, which is implemented in the design and development of a new philosophical and scientific discipline of eco-humanism, and ideas of co-evolution. Scientific novelty of the research. The author determines basic foundations of eco-humanism as a new type of humanitarian knowledge; formulates and meaningfully substantiates the main principles of eco-humanism as a methodological setting for the ecologization of a person and the world: optimality, coordination and dominance of the whole (integrity) in relation to its parts. Results. Eco-humanistics is defined as a new type of knowledge about a person and a specific setting of his thinking and practical activities, focused on finding ways and means to achieve optimality in relation to various aspects (for example, technical and anthropological) in a person’s being to ensure the possibility of their fruitful existence, to preserve and reproduce a person (as a unique integrity) and his world (as a universal integrity), in their interconnected and interdependent unity.

Conclusions. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the theoretical development of ecohumanistics will make it possible to study and analyze the phenomena of modern culture in a more multifaceted way, to get a more accurate interpretation of the ways of human existence and ecocultural practices that provide the effect of the state of the “ecosystem” in situations of any intense socio-cultural transformations.

Keywords:

human being,

ecology of human life,

technical and technological world,

coevolution,

eco-humanism

 

 

POWER

 

 

 

Mukhametov R.S. Paradiplomacy of Russian regions: features and limitations (as illustrated by the Sverdlovsk region) // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 26—36. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-26-36.

Abstract

Introduction. For three decades, the subjects of the Russian Federation have been participants in international relations, establishing international, foreign economic, cross-border cooperation with foreign partners. What are the opportunities and limitations of the international activities of the Russian regions? Have they transformed during this period? If so, in which direction and what was the reason for this? The purpose of this article is to find answers to these questions.

Methodology. The conceptual basis of this study is the concept of paradiplomacy. The methodological basis of the study was the approach of Manuel Duran. The researcher suggests studying four aspects relevant to the study of the role of subnational government (powers, capabilities, abilities and presence).

Methods. From the view point of the research design, the article is a case study, because it is based on the method of studying specific cases (case-study). The Sverdlovsk region was chosen as the object of the research.

Results. Summarizing the results of the analysis of the Sverdlovsk region’s paradiplomacy, the author comes to the conclusion that Russian regions enter into international / foreign economic agreements, but only with the subjects of foreign federal states, administrative-territorial entities of foreign states. Secondly, the subjects of the Russian Federation take part in the work of international organizations, but only with those created specifically for these purposes. Thirdly, the regions also communicate with foreign states authorities, but only with the consent of the Government of the Russian Federation. Fourthly, the subjects of the Russian Federation open their representative offices outside the country, but in agreement with the Russian Foreign Ministry. Finally, the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation create institutions of paradiplomacy, which is expressed in the activities of regional ministries whose task is to assist in the developing international cooperation.

Conclusions. The author outlines possibilities and limitations of paradiplomacy at the legislative level. Informally, the heads of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation should be guided by the foreign policy line formulated by the head of the state. On a number of foreign policy events, certain Russian governors can take a firmer position than the federal center.

Keywords:

paradiplomacy,

international cooperation,

foreign economic activity,

subjects of the Russian Federation,

Sverdlovsk region

 

 

Kyrchanoff M.V. Iranian monarchic emigration as a critic of the political regime of the Islamic republic of Iran // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 37—46. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-37-46.

Abstract

Introduction. The author analyzes the features of the ideological confrontation and conflict between Iranian emigrant communities and the political elites of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The position of Iranian emigration is analyzed in the context of the activity of the Pahlavi dynasty representatives. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ideological confrontation between the two projects of Iranian political identities in contexts of criticism of the clerical regime of Iran by representatives of the Iranian political emigration of Pahlavi dynasty.

Methods. Methodologically, the article is based on the principles of analyzing intellectual communities with the elements of the universal method of historicism and a comparative approach, which make it possible to identify and systematize the main features of the process of ideological confrontation between the Iranian elites and their critics from the Iranian political monarchist emigration.

Scientific novelty of the study. On the one hand, the article analyzes the ideological confrontation between the clerical political regime of Iran and its critics from the communities of monarchical emigration as a state of remote or delayed conflict. On the other hand, the author analyzes this ideological controversy as a conflict not between society and power, but between two versions of political power: if the Iranian regime controls the political discourse in the country in fact, then its monarchist opponents in exile attribute to it symbolic legitimacy and continuity with the tradition of Iranian statehood.

Results. The main directions and features of criticism of the regime of the Islamic Republic of Iran by Iranian political emigrants of a monarchist orientation are analyzed; features of political ideology are shown; the forecast of the development of the political activity of the Iranian emigration is presented.

Conclusions. The author believes that 1) the monarchical Iranian emigration is one of the centers of attraction for emigrants from Iran in Western Europe and North America; 2) the ideologists and theorists of the monarchical emigration are consistent critics of the political regime established in Iran in 1979; 3) criticism of the clerical, anti-secular and undemocratic regime of Tehran, its accusations of violating human rights and freedoms in in the centre of the political doctrine of the Iranian emigration; 4) the political ideal of emigration is a secular and democratic Iran, where rights and freedoms are respected, and religious minorities have equal rights with the Shiite Iranian majority.

Keywords:

Iranian emigration,

Pahlavi dynasty,

criticism of clericalism,

elite conflict,

symbolic legitimacy,

remote (delayed) elite conflict,

Iranian Constitution Party - Liberal Democrats (Hezb-e mašrute Irān – liberāl demokrāt)

 

 

 

 

ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT

 

 

Korotina N.Yu. Functional status of Russian regions in the system of economic federative relations // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 47—61. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-47-61.

Abstract

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of the functional status of regions in the system of economic federalism, which is associated with the high spatial heterogeneity of Russia, and explains the need to move from the model of economic federalism, which combines the presence of universal

institutions and institutional exceptions, to a model that takes into account the spatial diversity of territories. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the decrease in the heterogeneity of the economic federalism space when moving on to a model based on macro territories - groups of regions with the same functional status.

Methods. The author uses methods of a monographic review, logical and statistical analysis in the context of applying a spatial approach in studying the relations of economic federalism, as well as the concept of “smart specialization” in relation to the regions of Russia to differentiate the relationship of the federal center with the territories within the same specialization.

Scientific novelty of the study. The article is the first to present a methodology for determining the functional status of regions, which is the basis for the subsequent formation of a model of relations between the federal center and macro regions.

Results. The author proposes methods for determining the functional status of regions and calculating indicators that characterize the relations of economic federalism. The first methodology, based on economic and territorial criteria, makes it possible to attribute each region of Russia to a group of macro regions according to their functional status. The second method makes it possible to substantiate a greater asymmetry of indicators characterizing economic federalism in the country as a whole than in the context of macro territories.

Conclusions. Regarding the higher stability of indicators characterizing economic federalism by groups of macro-territories than in the country as a whole, the need for a transition to a flexible model of economic federalism based on differentiated measures and specific tools to support regions in the  context of their functional specializations is substantiated.

Keywords:

economic federalism,

space of economic federalism,

functional status of the region,

functional specialization,

smart specialization

 

 

Smirnov O.O., Bezverbny V.A. Potential for developing sectors of the economy of small cities in Russia: modern trends // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 62—74. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-62-74.

Abstract

Small cities have a unique socio-economic and cultural potential for developing Russian regions, which is manifested in their unique features: compactness, historical heritage, the existence of rare industries and the local economy. At the same time, today in Russia the realization of their potential is primarily hindered by the existing system of political institutions and practices. The purpose of the work is to analyze the economic potential of small cities. The paper explores the potential for the development of small cities in relation to the Russian context. So, the authors consider the features of small cities and highlight their economic, social and political problems. As illustrated by the successful ones, the potential of small cities in various sectors of the economy (primary, secondary and tertiary) is analyzed. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the studied experience in developing the potential of small cities in various sectors of the economy in the practice of Russian management. As a result, it is concluded that small cities as such can be economically and socially efficient settlements, that is, they can be a completely competitive urbanized unit. However, the tools for the development of such territories should be focused on supporting the promising areas of development, providing an opportunity for independent and responsible development.

Keywords:

small cities,

urbanization,

economic sectors,

development potential,

spatial development

 

 

 

 

CULTURE

 

 

Pham Tien Bac. Ways of influencing Confucian ethics in modern Vietnam society // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 75—82. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-75-82.

Abstract

Confucianism in general, and Confucian ideals in particular, which arrived in Vietnam in the first centuries of our era, were accepted by our Vietnamese dynasties and have served as ideological functions for a long time. Furthermore, Confucian morality has played a significant role in Vietnamese traditional life. Additionally, Confucian virtues have had a long-standing influence on Vietnamese society. It has had a beneficial and detrimental impact on public life since its inception. The purpose of the article is to examine the tactics of Confucian politics’ influence on modern Vietnamese society and our societal problems. The relevance of customs, traditions, and beliefs, as well as the cult of ancestor worship, is highlighted; the value of moral education in the family is emphasized; and the influence of public opinion is being highly considered. Along with that, the impact of Confucian principles on Vietnamese society is examined, both through the institutions of communal self-government in villages and communes and through policy implementation. The author points out various inconsistencies between Confucian principles and modern Vietnamese society. Further modernization, according to the author, should be accomplished not by shattering the ideals embodied in Vietnamese society or by Confucianism’s standards, but by adapting their individual provisions to the needs of the present.

Keywords:

Confucian ethics in Vietnam,

ancestor worship,

traditional society,

village conventions,

local government institutions

 

 

Kamalieva I.R. Philosophical foundations of culture medicalization // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 83—89. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-83-89.

Abstract

Introduction. The increasing mediation of human life by medicine necessarily raises the question of philosophical understanding the phenomenon of culture medicalization, since today the vector of growing powerful influence of medicine on forming sociocultural processes has clearly emerged. Along with the positive phenomena of the medicalization of life, the volume of “excessive” phenomena of its medicalization is growing. The purpose of the article is to clarify the philosophical foundations of the progressive medicalization of modern culture.

Methods. The methodological basis of the study is presented by dialectical, epistemological, axiological, philosophical-anthropological, and socio-philosophical approaches. The study is based on E. Cassirer’s transcendental philosophy, the phenomenological transcendentalism of E. Husserl; V.S. Stepin’s concept about the system of informational social codes; and P.D. Tishchenko’s concept on the transformation of bio-power in modern culture.

Scientific novelty of the research. The author outlines fundamental foundations of modern culture medicalization as a result of mutually similar processes of transforming bio-power and the progress of biomedical sciences.

Results. Unfolding, culture compensated for the bodily weakness of a person with the power of his technical inventions, but today they have surpassed the intellectual capabilities of their creator – the individual has to permanently adapt to the growing volume of mass technogenic innovations. The historically formed human need to master the world through its “humanization” is suppressed, and, as a result, the problem of a modern individual’s request for self-realization through the creative transformation of the social environment is actualized. In this regard, one of the philosophical and anthropological foundations of modern culture can be recognized as a technogenically determined desire of a person to transform his own corporeality, aimed at expanding the capabilities of a natural person. Biomedical sciences, as a result of biotechnological progress, turned out to be exactly the social and scientific sphere, which, building up practical activities within the framework of healthcare, considers the person to be both the subject and the object of the biosocial transformation demanded by cultural evolution.

Conclusions. The process of medicalization of culture occurs on the basis of two reciprocal fundamental processes: first, the strengthening of the principles of bio-power as “care for all forms of life”; secondly, the progress and technologization of scientific medicine, which in practice provides a socio-cultural demand for a modern prosperous individual.

Keywords:

philosophical foundations,

modern culture,

medicalization,

bio power,

social norm

 

 

Bogdanova V.O. Methodological foundations for applying the hermeneutic approach when teaching the humanities. Part 2. Technique for understanding a visual text as exemplified by analyzing a work of fine art (R. Magritte “Song of Love”) // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 90—101. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-90-101.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the application of the hermeneutic approach in philosophy classes. The author proposes a technique for understanding a visual text, which allows one to move from the figurative perception of a work of art to the conceptual and structural level. In her study, the author describes the experience of using this technique while interpreting R. Magritte’s painting “Song of Love”. As a result of analyzing the group and individual work of students, the author comes to the conclusion that the technique does not only contribute to the discovery of the subjective meaning of a work of art, but is effective for the process of self-knowledge.

Keywords:

hermeneutics,

grammatical interpretation,

psychological interpretation, comprehension technique,

hermeneutic circle,

visual text

 

 

 

 

CRITICISM AND REVIEWS

 

 

Borisov S.V. Philosophical stories for children and adults: review of the books by Maria daVenza Tillmanns (2020—2021) “Why We Are in Need of Tales”, Toronto, Iguana Books, Part I. 61 p., Part II. 59 p. // Socium i vlast’. 2022. № 1 (91). P. 102—107. DOI: 10.22394/1996-0522-2022-1-102-107.

Abstract

The article is a detailed review of the books by Maria daVenza Tillmanns “Why We Are in Need of Tales” (Toronto, Iguana Books, 2020—2021). The books appeared as a result of the author’s many years’ experience in conducting philosophy classes with children (elementary school level). The books are written in the form of a dialogue, which creates the effect of the reader’s presence in the fairy tales plots, stimulating reflection on their philosophical content. The author of the article examines the plots from the standpoint of some key ideas of the world philosophical thought.

Keywords:

philosophical practice,

philosophy for children,

philosophy with children,

teaching philosophy